Hook and eye and method of setting them



April 6, 1926.. 1,579,220

. E. LUMBECK' HOOK AND EYE AND METHOD OF SETTING THEM Original Filed July 16, 1924 I IJVVl/VTR. fmzz Lam 560k Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

' l, reeze tries.

EMIL LUMBECK, OF ELBERFELD, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM OF STOCK & 00., OF ELBERFELD-SONNBORN, GERMAN Y.

HOOK AND EYE AND METHOD OF SETTING THEM.

Original application filed July 16, 1924, Serial No. 725,357. Divided and this application filed August To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL LUMBEGK, citizen of Germany, residing at Elberfel'd, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hooks and Eyes and Methods of Setting Them, of which the following is a specification.

In fastening the known kinds of hooks and eyelets having hollow shanks which are made of sheet iron or other relatively hard metal such as hollow rivets, eyelets and hooks for laces, the drawback exists that the edge of the shank cracks or splits when it is being flanged. The resisting power of the hooks or eyelets is therefore reduced, while, in the case of iron hooks or eyelets, although a rust-protecting coating may have been applied, it is not possible to avoid the formation of rust at the split or cracked parts. Further, the sharp edges and projections which are formed with the cracks result in increased damage to or wear on the stockings and laces.

According to the invention, these drawbacks are eliminated by means of a new method of fastening the hooks and eyelets or the like. The new method consists essentially in that the edge of the shank is first doubled inwardly upon itself, and the double or folded edge is then flanged or rolled in known manner. Owing to the doubling or folding, the edge of the shank is strengthened for the subsequent flanging so that it may be rolled to form a uniform flange or roll without splitting or cracking.

The doubling or the inward turning up of the edge of the shank suitably takes place immediately before the hangin or rolling operation and may be effected by means of 'the same tools which effect the said hanging or rolling operation. To this end, the edges of the shanks of the hooks or eyelets are given, during their manufacture, a special form or prelin'iinary shape, which consists of an outwardly projecting, encircling head or bulge provided at the edge of the shank, one edge of the bulge being turned up inwardly to provide the required reinforcement for the subsequent flanging operation.

This application is a di ision of my copending application filed July 16, 192%, Serial No. 7 26,357.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view depicting Serial No. 52,851.

the step of producing the bulge in the shank of the eyelet;

Figure 2 shows the bulge completed;

Figure 3 illustrates the eyelets with the bottom walls punched out;

Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 show further steps in the formation of the eyelet; and

Figure 8 illustrates a preliminarily shaped eyelet of the lacing hook type.

Referring now to the drawings, the eyelets are manufactured from a continuous strip of sheet metal a by pressing or drawing parts of the sheet metal at regular intervals along the strip into theform of cylindrical or slightly conical shells or sleeves I) having a bottom cl for the purpose of forming a shank, then pressing the flange 0 around the upper edge of each shell or sleeve and then cutting or stamping a hole in the bottom of the shell or sleeve and finally separating .the eyelet by stamping out the. flange from the strip of metal. This known process is modified, according to the present invention, in the following manner. The strip of the sheet metal a, after the formation of the shell Z) which forms the shank and the pressing of the flange 0 have been completed, is subjected to an intermediate treatment. This intermediate treatment consists in upsetting the walls of the shells or sleeves i. e. the shanks of the eyelets while they still contain the bottom d. To this end, the strip or sheet metal a with the shells or sleeves Z) is inserted into the die 7 illustrated in Fig. 1, which surrounds the shanks with a certain amount of play after which the punches g, each of which is provided with a guidingmandril, are lowered on to the piece of work. The punches g abut with their shoulders on the eyelet-flange c and then compress the shank b lengthways to some extent, for example, by about from six to eight per cent its total length. In this way an outwardly projecting, encirclingbead or bulge it of concave-convex form in cross section (Fig. 2) is formed at the lower end of each shank. After this the stamping out of the bottom (Z of the shank takes place as usual (Fig. 3) and then the eyelets are finally separated by stamping out the flange 0 from the strip of sheet metal a (Fig. at). The eyelets can then as usual, he provided with a rust-protecting coating and. it desired, theflanges may also be eninnelled.

Owing to the head or bu 1e 7! which is formed at the end of the shank by upsetting the shank, the fixing of the eyelet by means of the customary flanging or roller die takes place in a manner considerably dili'erent from that hitherto usual. The edge of the shank, which pressed by the upper punch against the flanginp; or roller die is lirst turned up inwardly, before the hanging op eration begins, by an amount equal to about half the height of the bulge 72. 5), whereby it is to a certain extent doubled or folded over upon itself. The edge of the shank therefore, is strengthened for the mediately after the folding so that it no longer cracks or splits. For this lt tson the edge of the shank is no longer, as hitherto, simply extended sideways or radio ly and spread flat but rolls uniformly outwards so that it forms, as shown in Fig. (3, a un broken arched [hinge 1'. if the thickness of the leather or the like to which the eyelet is. fastened permits, the edge of the shank after attaining its greatest rolled inwardly agiin so a.

complete, annular roll Z. l i Fig. 7. This possesses the advantage that the edge of the hole in the l ather or he the bulge, the entire shank Z) of the eyelet and also the transitional portion from the shank to the flange c, that is the part 127, in Figs. :t-T, are to a certain extent compressed, Any strains therefore which are produ ed in the metal sheet when the shank pr ed out of it are again eliminated and the tran sitional portion is, owing; to the pressure exerted in the direction of the axis of the shank, which may *ause the cor-.ting of enamel or the like to come off, no longer exists.

Owing to the fact that the upsetting of the shank 7), i. e. the formation of the bulge It, takes place before the bottom (Z of the shank is stamped out, the result is further obtained that the punch can stamp out the hole in the bottom of the shank cleanly without damaging the edges of the which is due to the fact that those portions of the walls of the shank which are adjacent to the bottom Z are bent outwards.

The above described method of forming the edges of the shank can, of course, also b employed for hollow rivets and hooks for laces as well as for eyelets. Fig. 8 shows, by way of example, a hook for laces constructed in accordance vith the invention, which the shank 7) upset and is thereby provided with a bulge L at its er The edge of the sl aft need, of course, not

is no longer the actual cut edge, as was .i:

llt'll co-opcratcs with the 'i. or iollii die but the edge of th i'otd lo uu d by turning up the end of the shank 'ih turning or folding! of the 1c sharl instead of being cll ccted hook or cyclct' 1s heir: fastened,

i. c. imnicniately prior to the Hanging or peralton, could in some ca: s also take place during the inanul'm-ture of the hooks anl cycles. namelv. by a process which is separate in time and place from the process of liangine or rolling the edge of iank.

new method and the new form of for the hooks and eyelets are particumtcnded for hooks and eyelets of sheet i or other relatively hard metal but it: lay also be advautageously employed for r and eyelets of other metals such as ample sheet bras sheet aluminum and for the propose of obtaining with i a uniform rolling-up of the edge shank without cracks occurring. t is claimed is:-

l. in eyelet having a cylindrical shank bulged at one end, the free edge of the bulged portion being turned inwardly to reinforce the same against subsctpieut rolling'.

2. An eyelet having a hollow shank formed with a bulged attaching end. the free edge of the bulge being loldcd upwardly, inwardly to reinforce the same against outward rolling; of the same when attaching, to preyent the sha I from splitting.

l. An eyelet having a hollow shank formed with a bulge at its attaching" end, the free edge of the bulge being inwardly turned to reinforce the lower or attaching: cud of the shank against splitting when the same is rolled outwardly during the attaching operation.

l. The method of making eyelets, comprising forming" the hollow shank of the eyelet vith a head at: its attaching" end, and :lolding the rrce edge of the bead inwardly against the inner wall of the shank so as to reinforce the adjacent portion of the shank for a flanged rolling action.

5. An eyelet havinga tubular shank bulged outwardly at the extremity of its attaching end.

(i. in eyeletconiprishr; a tubular shank having: at one end a flared portion of double ply formation.

T. An eyelet comprising: a tubula shank having; an end portion of double thicli'ness formed by folding the 1-21; terial of the body upon itself, said portion being bent outwardly at an angle and giving a flaring conformation at such end of the body.

8. An eyelet comprising tubular body having a flared extremity at its setting end, said flared extremity comprising a doubled and outturned portion of the material of the body, one part of said doubled portion being turned up inside the other.

9. An eyelet having at one end an obliquely disposed outturned portion and an obliquely disposed inturned portion, the latter being enclosed in the space bounded by said outturned portion.

10. An eyelet having at one end an obliquely disposed outturned portion and an obliquely disposed inturned portion, the latter being turned upward from the lower edge of said outturned portion and being enclosed in the space bounded by said outturned portion.

11. An eyelet having a reinforcing portion at one end comprising a doubled portion of the metal of the eyelet body the e1ements of which are adapted when the adjacent portion of the body is rolled outward to provide an attaching flange to respectively form the marginal portion of the flange and a reinforcement therefor.

12. An eyelet having at its setting end a doubled portion, one part of which lies within the other and comprises a reinforcing flange normally turned upwardly into the body, said flange operating when the body is placed under setting compression to cause such doubled portion and the adjacent transitional portion of the body to upset in a curved path and form an arched flange.

13. An eyelet comprising a tubular body having a head flange at one end and having a reinforcing flange at its other end, said flange being bent upwardly into said body.

14. An eyelet comprising a tubular body having a setting end provided with a portion of double thickness, one part of which constitutes 'a split-preventing reinforcment for said end.

15.. An eyelet comprising a tubular body having a head flange at one end and having at its opposite end a portion of double thickness, one part of which constitutes a split-preventing reinforcement for said end.

16. As an article of manufacture, an inchoate eyelet comprising a tubular body having at its setting end a circumferential head of partly circular cross-section.

17. As an article of manufacture, an in choate eyelet comprising a tubular body having at its setting end a circumferential bead of semi-circular cross-section.

18. The method of forming a setting flange reinforcement at the end of the eyelet body which is to be rolled to form the setting flange, which consists in displacing such end of the eyelet outwardly to form an annular bead of cross-sectionally concavoconvex form, and then turning up the outer half of the bead so as to dispose it to lie upon the interior of the inner half of the bead.

19. The method of making an eyelet, which consists in forming a tubular body having a wall closing it at one end, offsetting a portion of the body adjacent to said wall, removing the wall, and then turning up the free edge left bythe removal of the wall with a part of said offset portion and upon the remaining part thereof to provide an end of double thickness.

20. The method of making an eyelet, which consists in forming a tubular body, offsetting the body at its attaching end to form a bead, and then doubling the bead upon itself.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

EMIL LUMBECK. 

